In this study, the cytotoxic effects of docetaxel, which is used as an important chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of prostate cancer, on human intact prostate cell (PNT1A) and human cancerous prostate cell (PC3) were investigated. In the study, pure and acetone-soaked form of commercial docetaxel was used. It was determined that there was no significant difference between the use of different forms of docetaxel in the analyzes performed after 24, 48 and 72 hours of incubation using the MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide] test (p<0.01). It was found that docetaxel forms have dose dependent cytotoxic effects on PC3 and PNT1A cells. It was determined that the dose dependence of the cytotoxic effect was quite high, especially in the first 24 hours (p<0.05 for PC3, p<0.01 for PNT1A). The IC50 value of pure docetaxel for PC3 cell was calculated as 0.0116 µg/mL and for PNT1A cell as 3.5462 µg/mL at 48. h. These values show that docetaxel produces a cytotoxic effect in PNT1A cells, although it is lower than in PC3 cells. Using docetaxel, which has therapeutic effects in resistant prostate cancer cells, together with drug delivery systems is considered as an appropriate approach for reducing the damage in healthy cells.

In this research, some thermal and physical properties of unsaturated polyester (UP) nanocomposite produced using nanoparticles were investigated. Fumed Silica (FS), silicon carbide (SiC) and graphene nanoplate (GNP) were used as nanoparticles. The synthesized polyester nanocomposites were reinforced with 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8% and 1.0% nanoparticles by mass. GNP and SiC nanoparticle reinforcements increased the thermal conductivity coefficient of the produced polyester nanocomposite by approximately 64% and 39%, respectively, while FS reinforcement decreased it by 12.5%. SiC nanoparticle increased the Shore D hardness of the polyester nanocomposite by 5.26% in the sample with 0.1% reinforcement. This ratio was 3.85% for 0.1% supplemented FS and 1.9% for 0.4% GNP. In addition, SiC and GNP reinforcement increased the density of the polyester nanocomposite, while FS reinforcement decreased the density of the composite. The thermal stability order of the samples was determined as FS, GNP and SiC reinforced nanocomposites. It was determined that the sample with the lowest thermal stability was UP. According to the results obtained in thermal stability experiments, mass losses of reinforced nanocomposites during thermal decomposition were compared. The thermal decomposition behavior of polyester nanocomposites was modeled by the kinetic equation. Experimental and theoretical model results were compared and correlation numbers were calculated by statistical analysis using nonlinear regression.

Wooden material in traditional Urfa houses; It has been widely used in ceilings, wall coverings, cabinet doors, and door and window joinery. Within the scope of this study, wooden ceiling construction techniques and decoration features of traditional Urfa houses were examined; wooden beamed ceiling, wooden ceiling and boat ceiling construction techniques and wooden ceiling decorations with lath, applique and hand drawn are explained in detail. As a result of the research; it has been observed that while one or more of the laths and applique decoration and carving and painting techniques are used for decoration on the flat wooden coated ceilings, in addition to these, hand-carved ornaments on the wooden material were used on the boat ceilings.

In this study, polylactic acid (PLA) produced from plant-based and renewable resources and Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) produced petroleum-based were selected as core building materials and polyester/glass fiber composites were used for surface covers and sandwich composite sheets were produced. In the production of core building materials, fused deposition modeling has been used due to its advantages such as fast and easy printing. Core materials were fabricated in three different cell sizes and three different cell heights using a 3D printer. Three-point bending tests were applied to the samples and load-displacement graphs were obtained. Obtained results are presented in graphics. After three-point bending tests, damage types were examined and it was seen that the dominant damage types were interlayer rupture and shear damage. In order to prevent this situation, temperature and pressure were applied to the samples produced using a 3D printer in the second stage. It was observed that the samples produced from PLA material had higher flexural strength than the samples produced from ABS material.

Commercial products in markets must meet the regulatory and quality control criteria to be acceptable for the intended use. While it is mandatory that each product batch must meet specification limits, the stability and efficiency over the long term are underestimated. The present study was conducted on the chronological trend of a healthcare product using a statistical software package, including correlation matrix and multivariate analysis. The investigated quality characteristics were the average filling weight, relative density, pH and the relative potency of three active components, in addition to a chemical preservative. The database was processed in an Excel sheet and was subjected to descriptive statistical overview, histogram plot, box plot diagram, time series plot, correlation matrix table and Principal Component Analysis. The investigation showed that despite all batches passed quality control tests successfully yet there were signs of instability, fluctuations or oscillations and drifts in all quality metrics, with outlier values that could be observed. Non-parametric correlation demonstrated some level of association between some inspection characteristic indicators. PCA illustrated the major variability influencer and clustering tendency among studied quality markers that guided the grouping of the dataset. The study pinpointed the improvement needed to ensure product stability, efficiency and quality.

In this study, FPGA-based implementation of two-dimensional convolution process, which is frequently preferred in image processing applications, as a low-cost IP core is explained. With the IP core developed within the scope of the study, horizontal/vertical Sobel, horizontal/vertical Prewitt, slide-out, low pass filter, high pass filter, and Gaussian filter operations on the image can be realized easily with the parameter set by the user. The IP core platform is designed independently and can be synthesized in software developed by all FPGA manufacturers. Synthesis results of the IP core are given by taking Artix 7 100T FPGA of Xilinx as a reference. The results of the synthesis showed that the two-dimensional convolution IP core developed within the scope of the study was realized FPGA-based with low hardware cost.

Happiness has been tried to be explained in many fields such as psychology, philosophy, sociology, biology, and religion. Due to the fact that the concept of happiness is constantly being updated in world, this study was obtained using data from the World Happiness Report (WHR) 2020 and the WHR 2021. By taking the life ladder dependent variable stated in the report, the variables related to the occurrence of happiness were analyzed using regression analysis of 8 variables. The world as it is known is grappling with the Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) pandemic. For all countries, it is inevitable that the restrictions, negativities or impossibilities brought by Covid-19 affect their unhappiness. For this reason, the years 2019 and 2020 were evaluated separately and we evaluated the factors affecting the life ladder of countries with regression analysis within the framework of Covid-19. As a result, it has been determined that the factors that make people happy, according to WHR, vary after the Covid-19 pandemic. The positive effect variable in the model in 2019 was separated from the model in 2020 and replaced by the variable of freedom to make life choices.

Antioxidants prevent many diseases by eliminating the harmful effects of free radicals. In this study, it was aimed to determine the antioxidant capacity of Nasturtium officinale extracts prepared by different methods, as well as to determine the Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, K minerals. Antioxidant activities of methanol and water extracts of Nasturtium officinale were determined by different in vitro methods such as DPPH, ABTS, DMPD, CUPRAC, FRAP, and Fe3+ Fe2+ reduction assays. The results were compared with the standard antioxidants (BHA, BHT, and Trolox). Both water and methanol extracts presented high antioxidant potential on ABTS free radical scavenging assay. While water extract showed better antioxidant properties in the DMPD experiment, methanol extract showed higher antioxidant properties than water extract in other methods. In addition to the chlorophyll, carotenoid, total phenolic, and total flavonoid analyzes of Nasturtium officinale, beneficial minerals of the plant were also revealed in ICP-MS. We determined that Nasturtium officinale is an important herb with a good source of minerals.

Hygrothermal (humidity-thermal) behavior of building components exposed to weather conditions is an important part of the overall performance of a building. Estimating and modeling moisture often involves complex calculations. Today, apart from the experimental methods, mostly the hygrothermal behavior of the building envelope can be estimated with simulation programs. While the demand for simulation programs used to calculate energy performance in buildings is increasing, the interest in tools that calculate the hygrothermal behavior of the building and building envelope is still not at the expected level. The main purpose of this study is to examine the actively accessible hygrothermal analysis programs in general and to examine their usability in literature. Firstly, the simulation programs are overviewed. Later, to analyze the usability of these programs, the articles published between 2001-2019 were examined in electronic databases. As a result of the reviewing, eight programs were identified and it was found that Wufi, DELPHIN and IDA-ICE tools were used more in academic studies than other programs. However, although there was a slight increase in hygrothermal analysis program usage, it was observed that it was not at the desired level.

One of the reasons for the formation of emissions in the world and Turkey is the livestock sector. Methane and nitrogen oxide are the two major greenhouse released into the atmosphere due to fertilizer management. If there is no good fertilizer management planning, animal fertilizer formed in animal husbandry enterprises poses a big problem for the environment and human health. Collection of fertilizer from shelters, method of collection, where to store fertilizer, and how to evaluate are among the most important problems. In this study, greenhouse gas emissions from animal husbandry in Nigde, Turkey were examined between 2016-2020. Different animal species were used in the study and the Tier-1 method defined by the IPCC was used to calculate greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, the potential for Global Warming that may occur from greenhouse gas emissions has been determined. As a result of calculations, N2O (Nitrous oxide) emission was determined to be 1.1x103 tons/year and CH4 (methane) emission to be 134x103 tons/year. The global warming potential created by these two emissions is 3152x103 tons of CO2.

This study was carried out in the forage crops planting areas in Bitlis province, between 2005 and 2006. The aim of this study was to determine the harmful and beneficial insect species in forage crops cultivated in large areas in Bitlis, Turkey. As a result of the surveys 46 harmful species belonging to 19 families from order Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera and 12 beneficial species belonging to 4 families from order Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Diptera and Raphidioptera were determined. Hypera variabilis (Herbest, 1975) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was found to be the most harmful among all forage crops planting areas. It was also found that this species show the worst harm between in the middle of may and at the end of june. Sitona concavirostris Hochhuth, 1851 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Camptopus lateralis (Germar, 1817) (Hemiptera: Alydidae), Nezara viridula (L.), Dolycoris baccarum (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) and Therioaphis trifolii (Monell, 1882) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) were also found in all areas of the survey and determined to cause serious harms at times. Coccinella septempunctata (L.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) which play an important role in the natural balance emerged the highest density among the beneficial species. Adonia variegate (Goeze, 1777) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Nabis ferus (L.) (Hemiptera: Nabidae), Eupeodes (=Metasyrphus) corollae (Fabricius, 1794), Melanostoma mellinum L. and Sphaerophoria rueppellii (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera: Syrphidae) which are other beneficial species were found widespread.

This study aims to examine the possible positions that architecture can take against the changing social life with the pandemic period, through flexible spaces. The effect of flexible spaces on the transformation of space into comfort, the change in social life due to the change in living conditions with the pandemic caused the concept of space in architecture to be questioned again and the questioning focused on new searches. The concept of flexibility, which gained importance with modernization and especially in the post-modern period, has been included in the architectural literature as different applications and approaches. These approaches are realized with applications such as the transformation of the flexibility understanding of the space, its growth, shrinkage and transportation. In this context, within the scope of the study, the concept of flexibility, which represents adaptation to changing situations, is examined in terms of the transformation of the space volume and the comfort of the space. Emphasizing the importance of flexible spaces as transformable, changeable and portable spaces for sustainable architecture in the pandemic process is the focus of the study.